A Very Different Age - Americans of the Progressive Era Essay

A Very Different Age - Americans of the Progressive Era - Essay Example During this era, the American society experienced various changes socially, economically and politically. The bulk of the book deals with how American people felt during the revolution and to what extent their lives changed. The book focuses on society as a whole, and does not emphasize on a particular person or event alone, there was a lot of struggle and opposition between people, as Diner writes "living increasingly in an interdependent society comprised of large institutions, individual Americans made numerous choices and competed with each other as never before to control their lives"( 3). A very different age narrates the efforts of and lives of different groups of people during the progressive era, including, businessmen and industrial workers, small businessmen and big businessmen, industrial workers and farmers, European immigrants and African migrants, middle class women and men, industrial workers and middle class workers, businessmen and professionals. The reform included the growth of "labour unions joined mostly by businessmen"(47), but these unions removed the "African Americans", women joined the workforce, immigrants accepted low paid jobs for the sake of improving their overall status, they were mostly employed in factories and mills. Inhabitants of America felt superior to the immigrants; farmers mostly had to depend on the vague capitalist system to earn a respectable income, "African American" had to fight for their rights to freedom, most of them flee the country, but it was the middle class that appeared to be the most powerful during the progressive era. According to Diner, despite the progress, there were many setbacks that occurred during the revolutionary era. Thousands of Americans still lived in poverty; African Americans struggled for their identity and "racism" (125) existed. The writer skillfully includes the work of many historians in his book; he praises some of the reformers of the time but criticizes many renowned progressives like "Teddy Roosevelt" (229) and "Woodrow Wilson (219)" who worked for their selfish motives instead of bringing change, Diner disparagingly asserts that "progressives, like other Americans, joined a contest for control under rules set by industrial capitalism" The author explains in his book that the "historians"(199) believe that the political behaviour of many Americans during the progressive era changed widely as fewer votes were cast and citizens no longer remained linked to their political parties as strict laws prevented them to cast votes. Furthermore, many social historians believed that common people were victims of intolerance and inequality, and there were many people who faced the harsh circumstances bravely and travelled from place to place in search of better jobs. People who left were mostly farmers and industrial workers, whereas, most of the urban came to America and urban population in South increased by 900,000(131), "Midwestern farmer's children went further west to buy more lands" and "African Americans" moved to rural areas. A diner is of the view that the progressive period though brought many gains but it at the same time ruined the lives of many. The "Industrial Revolution" had a different impact on different people; with its many accomplishments, it also created problems for many people. The revolution affected women’s lives most negatively and their lifestyle changed significantly.     Ã‚  

Contemporary Marketing Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Contemporary Marketing Practice - Essay Example It is common to hear among the consumers that they are not subjects to marketing strategies. Most consumers never want to admit that advertisements have immense influence on their tastes and preferences as far as purchases are concerned. The researcher states that the concern on this essay is whether in reality this freedom is exercised or customer’s tastes are subject to marketer’s strategies. This study involves the issues of advertisement in relation to increase of obesity in the society. The paper is generally a review of various literatures. In conducting the study, the researcher explored a number of books, magazines and website articles on the relationship between obesity and advertisements. To ensure that the ideas are not from the same school of thoughts, this study involved experts from diversified fields, among them being nutritionists, educators, critical analysts, scholars and healthcares providers. One thing that was very common in all these sources is tha t adverts influences the decision making of the consumers, who tend to buy the products, despite their harmful effects on their bodies. The study drew much information from previous studies, particularly from published online books. In conducting the study, the researcher also explored the advertisement strategies of some prominent companies such as Unilever, Coca-cola, Kraft Foods, PepsiCo, Nestle, General Mills, Kellogg Co. and ConAgra Foods, all of which had one common feature - they all use a significant amount from their coffer in advertisements.

Management and leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management and leadership - Essay Example It is a well-known and understood fact that it takes the display of very fine management skills in order to be a good leader. Generally, good leaders are first good managers. Body One of the most fundamental differences between managers and leaders is their way of motivating the subordinates or followers. While the managers usually are risk averse in their approaches, leaders tend to take risks. Some traits that differentiate a manager from a leader are; managers prefer routine over change whereas leaders prefer the other way round; the vision of managers is short-term generally whereas leaders tend to have a long-term vision, leaders visualize things in a broad perspective whereas managers work upon details to make the plans of the leader practicable; finally, as the terms suggest, managers tend to manage whereas the work of a leader is to leader, though it takes sound management skills to be able to lead. The foundation on which leadership stands is the commitment and obedience of the followers. A leader cannot do without the help, support, and compliance of the followers. It takes management to get the followers in the position where they are ready to accept the leader as an individual with power and authority over them. Leadership without management is like trying to lead a herd of wild buffaloes. No matter how hard a leader tries, the wild buffaloes would get scattered and the man would not be able to lead them to their destination. Management essentially tames the workforce so that they get in the mood to listen to the leader and give him/her the due respect he/she deserves for being in the position of a leader. Management is about inculcating the sense of work ethics, respect for the principles of work, and a willingness to abide by them in the workplace in the workforce. These factors prepare a worker mentally and psychologically to be submissive to the leader for the matters related to work. In turn, the level of obedience of the subordinates is raised and this has a very healthy effect on the relationship between the leader and the subordinates. When managed rightly, workers know that they have to listen to the leader to be able to work toward attaining the goal as a group while keeping their personal egos aside. In this way, management essentially set the stage for a leader to perform on. Without that stage, the leader might be called as a leader but he/she might not be truly recognized as a leader, and without the recognition of a leader as such, leadership cannot be thought to be effective. The duties and responsibilities of a manager and a leader are to a large extent similar. While not every manager is a leader, every leader has to be a manager also. Although the individual with the utmost powers and the decision making authority in an organization is usually one or a small group of people who are recognized as leaders, yet down the line, every manager is a leader for the people working under him/her. For example, letâ€⠄¢s take the example of the manager of kitchen in an organization. While the manager of kitchen has to follow the menu set by the leader and use only the ingredients made available to him/her by the leader, the manager of kitchen necessarily serves as a leader for the cooks, the chefs, the purchasers, the kitchen cleaners, and other workers working in the kitchen. Management in this example means providing the workers with the resources and help they require to achieve the tasks assigned to them individually and collectively, supervising them so as to make sure they are actually working and not wasting time in gossip and other activities, making sure that the kitchen is cleaned regularly and that

Contemporary Marketing Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Contemporary Marketing Practice - Essay Example It is common to hear among the consumers that they are not subjects to marketing strategies. Most consumers never want to admit that advertisements have immense influence on their tastes and preferences as far as purchases are concerned. The researcher states that the concern on this essay is whether in reality this freedom is exercised or customer’s tastes are subject to marketer’s strategies. This study involves the issues of advertisement in relation to increase of obesity in the society. The paper is generally a review of various literatures. In conducting the study, the researcher explored a number of books, magazines and website articles on the relationship between obesity and advertisements. To ensure that the ideas are not from the same school of thoughts, this study involved experts from diversified fields, among them being nutritionists, educators, critical analysts, scholars and healthcares providers. One thing that was very common in all these sources is tha t adverts influences the decision making of the consumers, who tend to buy the products, despite their harmful effects on their bodies. The study drew much information from previous studies, particularly from published online books. In conducting the study, the researcher also explored the advertisement strategies of some prominent companies such as Unilever, Coca-cola, Kraft Foods, PepsiCo, Nestle, General Mills, Kellogg Co. and ConAgra Foods, all of which had one common feature - they all use a significant amount from their coffer in advertisements.

Kantian Ethics Essay Example for Free

Kantian Ethics Essay

Impact of Gunpowder

Impact of Gunpowder A Technology That Marked Major Progress Milestones in History GUNPOWDER INTTRODUCTION Technology is a group of learning committed to making instruments, handling activities and extricating of materials. Everyone have their own way of understanding the meaning of technology or in another word innovation. People use innovation to develop their capacities, and that makes humans as the most vital piece of any mechanical framework. Innovation can allude to techniques running from as basic as dialect and stone devices to the complex hereditary building and data innovation that has risen since the 1980s. These advances invigorated social orders to embrace better approaches for living and administration, and in addition better approaches for understanding their reality. One of that innovation completely changed the world was gunpowder. Gunpowder, also known as black powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive which was invented in china by a Chinese alchemist mistakenly. It is a blend of sulphur, charcoal, and potassium nitrate (saltpetre). The carbon from the charcoal in addition to oxygen shapes carbon dioxide and vitality. The response would be moderate, similar to a wood fire, with the exception of the oxidizing operator. Carbon in a fire must draw oxygen from the air. Saltpetre gives additional oxygen. Potassium nitrate, sulphur, and carbon respond together to shape nitrogen and carbon dioxide gasses and potassium sulphide. The expanding gases, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, gives the propelling action. Gunpowder tends to create a considerable measure of smoke, which can hinder vision on a front line or lessen the visibility of firecrackers. Changing the proportion of the component influences the rate at which the explosive consumes and the measure of smoke that is delivered. (ThoughtCo, 2017) As per legend, during the Tang dynasty (9th century) this Chinese chemist was searching for a formula to make the remedy of life, or the mythical potion for immortality. Despite the fact that it was an accident, when they found the powder was exceptionally combustible, or consumed effectively, they chose to call it fire pharmaceutical. Not long after the disclosure, the Chinese weaponized the substance, or made weapons out of it, and during the time they would make numerous weapons utilizing gunpowder, including rockets, bombs, flamethrowers, and land mines before making guns and firearms. The most established weapon that utilizations explosive goes back to a bronze handheld gun made in north-eastern China in 1288. (Nathans Design Dissertation, 2017) Even though the earliest record of written formula for gun powder appeared in Song dynasty (11th century) this is listed as one of the four great invention in Chinese history. In any case, once the Chinese made sense of that it had dangerous capacities, they squandered no time in fusing it into their military. The Chinese could make a jump in military innovation and went from the standard sword and bows and arrows to a military with mines and flamethrowers. With the disclosure of gunpowder came the innovation of the fire arrow, an arrow with gunpowder on its tip, in the year 989. Roughly 11 years after the fire arrow, in 1000, the Chinese designed the flame thrower. The utilization of weapons be that as it may, did not rise in China until the mid-fourteenth Century. The military development that happened inside China in view of the black powder permitted China to have a more grounded and more propelled military, prompting a general more secure nation. (AP World History 2012-2013, 201 7) After the Mongols attacked China in the mid-13th Century, they proceeded with their conquests into India. In 1221, when the Mongols attacked India, they carried with them the information of gunpowder from China. By the 18th century, the Indians were able to make Mysorean rockets; the main iron cast rockets to be utilized by any military on the planet. But the secret of the gunpowder didnt stop spreading to the Middle East. From India, the gunpowder spread to the Middle East in the vicinity of 1240 and 1280. The last place to reach gunpowder was Eastern Europe. Like in India and the Middle East, it was brought into the area in view of the Mongol attacks. In any case, a portion of the learning of gunpowder was likewise transmitted to Europe through the Silk Road. At the point when the Europeans exchanged with the Middle East, the learning of gunpowder was carried into Europe alongside the exchange of merchandise. After getting the knowledge of gunpowder European chemists was interested in searching other alternative methods to improve the qualities of chemical contains. As a result of that European chemists made corned explosive. Corned black powder contained an indistinguishable chemicals from typical explosive however the refining procedure included blending the explosive into a wet substance and after that drying the blend. A German monk, Berthold Schwarz, is credited with developing the principal European gun in 1353. Guns which had been originated in China or the Middle East were enh anced by Europeans. Propelled European metal work strategies permitted European metalsmiths to make more long lasting and sturdy rifles; they likewise figured out how to compute the measure of drive of the gas in the load of the weapon. This learning help make weapons that shot more noteworthy separations. Europeans were all the while enhancing black powder a century after the Chinese had imagined the primary weapon. The European progressions of black powder would achieve China by a Portuguese ship in 1520. The Portuguese presented the gun, enhanced rifles and other European headways to the Chinese. Many years after the development of black powder the Europeans had given back the substance to its starting point and explosives voyage through Asia had turned up at ground zero. The Movement of Gunpowder from the East toward the West (AP World History 2012-2013, 2017) If someone asks what were the precursor circumstances that acted as the motivation for the technology the answer is the overwhelming need of power. The advancement of gunpowder was vital in fighting first for its mental impacts, as the Chinese utilized flying fire (explosive arrow) against their Mongol foes. At the point when the innovation relocated toward the West, notwithstanding, its genuine esteem was in its capacity to control fatal attack weapons and in the end put precise capability in the hands of common troopers. Prior to the innovation of the gun, attack weapons were huge, unwieldy and hard to build. Gunpowder as a fuel expanded the force accessible for anticipating rockets toward adversary emplacements, both expanding the harm these weapons could bring about and expanding their exactness also. Whats more, designers called sappers could burrow under adversary fortresses and pack their passages with gunpowder, bringing out stronghold dividers with unstable power. The scalin g down of gun into guns gave a comparative damaging capacity to normal fighters on the ground, permitting them a considerably more noteworthy successful range than they had with their past bows and crossbows. Guns likewise required less preparing than longbows, and the fast shots could even puncture the plate protective layer worn by knights of the time. At last, gunpowder required an entire revaluation of the specialty of fighting, and nations that were ease back to embrace the new innovation paid the cost on the combat zone. Other than military gunpowder were used in civil engineering and mining in early 15th century. The records of using gunpowder in mins come from Hungry in 1627. After that the technology was introduced to Britain by Germans in 1638. Other than mining gunpowder were used in the construction in canals and tunnels. The first gunpowder is not utilized today with the exception of in firecrackers and sparklers or as a boosting fuel for rocket launching. Like how it was for the most part utilized hundreds of years prior. It has been supplanted by a prevalent synthetic compound and utilized for the most part in slugs. A great deal more propelled mixes are utilized for explosives. One could state that the first gunpowder was the beginning stage for these current mixes. The most recent uses of gunpowder was Afghanistan war in 2001 which killed over 2000 and 22000 wounded, Korean war 1950-1953 which killed over 1800000 and 220000 wounded and world war 2 (1939-1945). Explosive has influenced todays general public by taking a great many lives and damaging a huge number of others. Gunpowder has additionally destroyed the lives of numerous families and companions of the casualties of contention. If this innovation didnt exist then there was a chance of preventing the wars and saving number of lives that co uldnt even count. On the opposite side of the gunpowder has likewise been utilized to make firecrackers which have conveyed extraordinary happiness to the world. If this technology has taken away the invention that found based on gunpowder wouldnt be able to reach to the mankind or use it for the present manufacturing processes. In spite of the fact that gunpowder and its present day subsidiaries do in any case have some significant uses today, all ammunition utilized as a part of firearms all through the world is stacked with smokeless powder. Even though the gunpowder was the main known explosive compound until the mid-19th century, present day there are other alternative ways that are in use and still in process. As an example the American navy has been already tested 30-kilowatt LaWS system at sea aboard the amphibious transport and hoping to deploy varieties of the laser weapon framework in the armada by 2020. (Nationaldefensemagazine.org, 2017) Other than laser weapon the alternative weapon system that still in progress is portable versions of rail guns. Besides the rail guns there might be a chance of producing projectile weapons which are electromagnetically accelerated or energy that transferred electronically to the projectile. (Cooney, 2017) When these technologies are known to the society in the future the gunpowder will be forgotten from the usage and the memory. Even though that happens there is a saying that old is gold. Anyone cant predict what will happen in the future. Reference List AP World History 2012-2013. (2017). Movement of Gunpowder from East to West. [Online] Available at: http://apworldhistory2012-2013.weebly.com/movement-of-gunpowder-from-east-to-west.html [Accessed 27 Mar. 2017]. Cooney, M. (2017). More railguns and lasers, less gunpowder the Navys future high-tech weaponry. [Online] Network World. Available at: http://www.networkworld.com/article/2880535/security0/more-railguns-and-lasers-less-gunpowder-the-navy-s-future-high-tech-weaponry.html [Accessed 17 Mar. 2017]. Jeannielin.com. (2017). Gunpowder Chronicles Behind the Scenes | Jeannie Lin. [online] Available at: http://www.jeannielin.com/gunpowder-chronicles/ [Accessed 30 Mar. 2017]. Monkeytree.org. (2017). Gunpowder in Europe. [Online] Available at: http://www.monkeytree.org/silkroad/gunpowder/europe.html [Accessed 19 Mar. 2017]. Nathans Design Dissertation. (2017). Chapter One Inventions. [Online] Available at: https://nathanman.wordpress.com/2010/10/29/chapter-one/ [Accessed 26 Mar. 2017]. Nationaldefensemagazine.org. (2017). Energy Weapons: The Next Gunpowder?. [Online] Available at: http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/archive/2013/June/Pages/EnergyWeaponsTheNextGunpowder.aspx [Accessed 25 Mar. 2017]. ThoughtCo. (2017). Learn How Gunpowder Works. [Online] Available at: https://www.thoughtco.com/gunpowder-facts-and-history-607754 [Accessed 26 Mar. 2017].

Bubonic Plague :: essays research papers

Essay On Bubonic Plague In the early 1330s an outbreak of deadly bubonic plague occurred in the east. Plague mainly affects rodents, but fleas can transmit the disease to people. Once people are infected, they infect others very rapidly. Plague causes fever and a painful swelling of the lymph glands called buboes, which is how it gets its name. The disease also causes spots on the skin that are red at first and then turn black. Since China was one of the busiest of the world's trading nations, it was only a matter of time before the outbreak of plague in China spread to western Asia and Europe. In October of 1347, several Italian merchant ships returned from a trip to the Black Sea, one of the key links in trade with China. When the ships docked in Sicily, many of those on board were already dying of plague. Within days the disease spread to the city and the surrounding countryside. An eyewitness tells what happened: "Realizing what a deadly disaster had come to them, the people quickly drove the Italians from their city. But the disease remained, and soon death was everywhere. Fathers abandoned their sick sons. Lawyers refused to come and make out wills for the dying. Friars and nuns were left to care for the sick, and monasteries and convents were soon deserted, as they were stricken, too. Bodies were left in empty houses, and there was no one to give them a Christian burial." The disease struck and killed people with terrible speed. The Italian writer Boccaccio said its victims often "ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestors in paradise." By the following August, the plague had spread as far north as England, where people called it "The Black Death" because of the black spots it produced on the skin. A terrible killer was loose across Europe, and Medieval medicine had nothing to combat it. In winter the disease seemed to disappear, but only because fleas--which were now helping to carry it from person to person--are dormant then. Each spring, the plague attacked again, killing new victims. After five years 25 million people were dead--one-third of Europe's people. Even when the worst was over, smaller outbreaks continued, not just for years, but for centuries. The survivors lived in constant fear of the plague's return, and the disease did not disappear until the 1600s.